-
Large-scale institutional feeding has its roots in the workhouse, and although the
workhouse no longer exists, many people still rely on institutions for their food,
with hundreds of millions of meals being served annually.
-
Education standards for food studies have been only relatively recently been developed thanks to the activities carried out within networking projects funded within
the Erasmus framework, and all include a focus on ethics.
-
Food engineering refers to the engineering aspects of food production and processing.
Food engineering includes, but is not limited to, the application of agricultural engineering
and chemical engineering principles to food materials. Genetic engineering of plants and
animals is not normally the work of a food engineer. Food engineering is a very wide field of
activities. Among its domain of knowledge and action are: Design of machinery and
processes to produce foods Design and implementation of food safety and preservation
measures in the production of foods Biotechnological processes of food production Choice
and design of food packaging materials Quality control of food production. This new book
deals with food engineering research from around the globe.
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The skin is the largest organ of the body and represents a complex barrier structure composed
of surface keratinocytes, inter-keratinocyte substances, dermis and sub-dermal structures. The
cutaneous structures serve a variety functions that preserve homeostasis of the body, including
cooling and electrolyte balance, formation and processing of vitamins and hormones, and
physical and thermal protection of underlying muscle, bone and internal organs (Pincelli, 2010).
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In this volume in our series ‘Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine,’ probably the most
common and most urgent clinical problem in pediatrics and adolescent medicine is
being covered by experts from around the world. The volume discusses pertinent and
prevalent topics such as the definition and clinical aspects of obesity. Additionally,
novel viewpoints and ideas for the future are presented; these will facilitate both in-
teraction with obese children and adolescents in a fair and appropriate way and col-
laboration with the individuals affected to seek appropriate and effective prevention
and treatment measures.
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this book is writte for individuals seeking to understand the relation between diet and long-term health adn disease.
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Neurological disorders have an enormous impact on the individual,
family unit, community, and society at large. For example, the
World Health Organization reports that on a global basis, 6 million
people die from stroke each year, 50 million people have epilepsy,
and a similar number have dementia, of which the most common is
Alzheimer’s disease. Half of the world’s adult population had a
headache at least once in the last year
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Sports nutrition is a natural marriage of two fields:
nutrition and exercise physiology. These complemen-
tary academic disciplines enable us to understand the
energy expenditure that is required by exercise and
sport and the energy intake that is vital to support
these activities. Exercise challenges the human body
to respond and adapt, and proper nutrition supports
the physiological processes that make it possible to do
so. Although all people can benefit from proper nutri-
tion and exercise, athletes must pay careful attention
to both. Training and nutrition are key elements of ex-
cellent athletic performance.
-
Our team began our work as an exploration to identify an introductory text for the latest in-depth,
evidence-based training of future public health nutrition professionals and leaders regionally,
nationally, and internationally. In the process, our eff orts turned into an incredible journey of
working with some of the most outstanding professionals, mentors, and experts in the fi eld of
public health nutrition.
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Nutraceuticals are important products based on natural bioactive compounds that cross the frontier between drugs and food. The definition
of a nutraceutical is “a food or part of a food that provides benefits for
health in addition to its nutritional content.” Nutraceuticals may be used
to improve health, delay the aging process, prevent chronic diseases,
increase life expectancy, or support the structure and function of the
body
-
The concept of metabolic syndrome was articulated by Gerald Reaven in 1988 at
the Banting Lecture of the American Diabetes Association annual meeting. Reaven
proposed that insulin resistance led to hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlip-
idemia, central obesity, and hypertension
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This book contains contributions based on the proceedings of two symposia
on food contamination held in London in April 1989 and May 1990, both
of which were organized jointly by the Environment, Food Chemistry, and
Toxicology Groups of the Royal Society of Chemistry.
-
It has been a decade since the fi rst edition of this Handbook was created. The intervening time has
indeed brought a mixture of blessings and concerns. Rapid scientifi c progress and advances in information transfer have fostered medical discoveries and dissemination of health-related information at
an unprecedented rate. Consumers are more aware of the value of health- promoting behaviors than
ever before, and older adults are paying close attention. For example, older persons are the greatest
consumers of dietary supplements. Many employers have introduced wellness in the workplace initiatives, including to their retirees. Yet, the stark economic diffi culties of the past few years have added
unanticipated challenges for many individuals and families, often making it diffi cult to take advantage
of these advances. The stress of limited time and resources and the confusion resulting from mixed
messages in the media can be particularly challenging for older adults. Many are living on a fi xed
income and coping with a number of comorbidities as they make choices about health-related behaviors, including nutrition. As a result, they may not rank nutrition highly amongst the complex array of
health-related recommendations they are offered, but we believe that they should!
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This comprehensive reference work presents an up-to-date survey of the
current scientific understanding of the metabolic syndrome, as well as an
overview of the most significant advances in the field. The book provides a
thorough reference for obesity and the metabolic syndrome and will prove an
indispensable resource for clinicians and researchers at all levels. The obesity
epidemic has generated immense interest in recent years due to the wide-
ranging and significant adverse health and economic consequences that sur-
round the problem. Much attention has been focused on excessive consump-
tion of energy-dense food, sedentary lifestyle, and other behaviors that
contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity.
-
Traceability in food chains is `the ability to trace and follow a food, feed, foodproducing animal or substance intended to be, or expected to be incorporated
into a food or feed, through all stages of production, processing and distribution'
(Regulation EC no. 178/2002). It also entails the `ability to trace the history,
application or location of an entity, by means of recorded identification' (Moe,
1998). Traceability systems support processes through which information on
food origins, attributes and processing technologies is gathered and made available throughout a supply chain. Generally speaking, they are data recording
and management systems designed to track forwards as well as trace backwards,
following not only product flows (or `items' as an abstract concept), but also
product `attributes'. Traceability contributes to the demonstration of the transparency of the supply chain through the use of verifiable records and labelling
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The prevalence of stroke in the USA is high and its cost will increase as the population ages. In addition, stroke incidence and mortality will increase in less developed
countries due to changing lifestyles and population characteristics. The health burden from stroke will be tremendous and will further tax healthcare resources here in
the USA and across the world. However, improvement in control of vascular risk
factors could help offset the ominous stroke projections. One analysis, using the
Archimedes model, estimated that if everyone received 11 recommended prevention activities, such as aspirin if their 10-year MI risk ≥10 %, lowering BP to 140/90
in nondiabetic people, lowering HgbA1C to <7.0 in diabetics, or reducing weight to
body mass index <30 kg/m 2
, and they achieved feasible improvements in their vascular risk factor status, strokes would be reduced 20 % in the next 30 years [ 37 , 43 ].
For stroke that does occur, optimizing management will be critical to reduce disability and maximize functional outcomes.
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Patients in need of critical care require expert holistic attention from physicians, surgeons, microbiologists, hematologists, clinical biochemists, pathologists, nurses, physiotherapists, and other medical specialties. Management of
the dietary and nutritional needs of these patients is crucial, and the evidencebased input of specialists in nutrition and dietetics is central to their care. It is
well recognized that malnourished patients spend longer in hospital and have
more interventions and higher rates of mortality and comorbid conditions than
their well-nourished counterparts. Some illnesses will cause frank malnutrition, which will exacerbate the illness and impede recovery. However, the
remedy is not just “feeding” or the use of standard (off-the-shelf) enteral or
parenteral solutions. There is a tremendous amount of scientific information
relating to the requirements of the critically ill. Depending on the medical
condition, some patients may be refractory to nutritional support for a number
of reasons. Specific diseases or trauma may require specific treatments or
nutrients that may not be applicable to other conditions. On the other hand,
some specific protocols may be equally applicable across a wide range of
conditions. Thus, the positive outcomes from one well-planned and scientifically sound study may be applicable to other medical conditions. In its purest
form, evidence-based clinical practice demands that these studies should be
repeated in each specific disease before widespread application. In some cases,
treatments may only be at the preclinical stage.
-
When I prepared the second edition of this book, published in 2003, it seemed that
there had been quite a revolution in metabolism since the first edition. A major discov-
ery had been the hormone leptin, and with it recognition of the role of adipose tissue
as an endocrine organ. As I started work on this third edition, I had the feeling that not
so much had changed. However, I soon came to realize that this was not true. In part
through the increasing use of genetically-engineered mice, especially those that lack a
particular gene, we have been led to a new appreciation of several metabolic pathways
that we thought were well understood. Adipose tissue again provides a perfect exam-
ple. Fat mobilization, when I wrote the second edition, was thought to depend on
the enzyme hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). Then several researchers produced mice
lacking HSL: and, to everyone’s surprise, they were relatively normal. This led to the
discovery of another enzyme involved in fat mobilization, adipose triglyceride lipase.
Bernard Thorens (University of Lausanne) has challenged my understanding of liver
metabolism by producing a mouse lacking the glucose transporter GLUT2. Glucose
release from the hepatocytes is relatively normal. There are many more examples,
mostly now also shown to translate into human metabolism.
-
Springer Briefs in Food, Health, and Nutrition present concise summaries of cutting
edge research and practical applications across a wide range of topics related to the
feld of food science, including its impact and relationship to health and nutrition.
-
Foods are man’s major sources of carotenoids, and numerous papers on food carotenoids
are published every year. Yet published books on carotenoids rarely focus on food
carotenoids. The present book aims to fill a long‐standing need for a comprehensive
treatise dedicated specifically to the multiple facets of food carotenoids. Because of the
vast literature on the different aspects of this topic, the task of putting together all pertinent
information in one volume has been challenging, often daunting. Nevertheless, it is
hoped that the objective has been fulfilled.
-
This dictionary provides a basic vocabulary of terms used in food science
and nutrition. It is ideal for all students of food technology and related
subjects, as well as those working for the first time in jobs such as catering,
dietetics and public or environmental health.
-
In teaching, we seek to promote the fundamental
values of humanism, democracy, and the sciences—
that is, a curiosity about new ideas and enthusiasm
for learning, a tolerance for the unfamiliar, and the
ability to critically evaluate new ideas.
-
Barbara Galloway and I have this debate often. The answer is...both are
correct. We must accumulate the right collection of nutrients during a week of
eating to restock the fuel, to repair damage, and to keep energy flowing. But
it’s also OK to enjoy foods and beverages. By understanding the circuits in the
brain and by using the methods in this book, you can gain control over your
eating and exercise.
-
This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded
sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission. Reasonable efforts have
been made to publish reliable data and information, but the authors and the
publishers cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials. Neither
the authors nor the publishers, nor anyone else associated with this publication,
shall be liable for any loss, damage or liability directly or indirectly caused or
alleged to be caused by this book
-
Delivery of an optimally grown, viable infant defines
a successful pregnancy. Optimal growth is achieved
by the interaction of maternal, placental, and fetal
systems to deliver maternal nutrients to the placenta,
transfer them to the fetus, and maximize their utiliza-
tion for fetal growth. Pregnancy is characterized by
profound changes in the maternal immune, metabolic,
cardiovascular, and renal systems to ensure a success-
ful pregnancy and adequate fetal growth. The fetal-
placental unit secretes many hormonal signals, the
roles of which include redirecting maternal physiol-
ogy and metabolism to direct substrate toward the
fetus and support normal fetal growth.
