Pengaruh Pemberian Anti Difteri Serum (ADS) Terhadap Penurunan Derajat Keparahan Difteri di RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Tahun 2014-2017

Pengaruh Pemberian Anti Difteri Serum (ADS) Terhadap Penurunan Derajat Keparahan
Difteri di RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Tahun 2014-2017
Anita PD Nugroho1
, Cicilia Windiyaningsih2
, Zainal Abidin3
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Insiden dan mortalitas difteri di Indonesia terus meningkat dari tahun 2014-
2017, di RSPI SS peningkatan kasus rawat difteri terus terjadi. ADS sangat penting untuk
menurunkan derajat keparahan difteri. Tujuan penelitian untuk membuktikan pengaruh ADS
terhadap penurunan derajat keparahan pada pasien difteri di RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Tahun
2014-2017. Metode: Analitik observasional, desain kasus kontrol. Sampel kasus 86 orang, kontrol
86 orang, variabel dependen yaitu penurunan derajat keparahan, variabel independen yaitu
pemberian ADS, dosis ADS, waktu pemberian ADS, antibiotik, kortikosteroid, usia, jenis kelamin,
tempat tinggal, status imunisasi, pseudomembran, bullneck, miokarditis, dan hasil kultur. Hasil:
variabel yang berhubungan dengan penurunan derajat keparahan penderita difteri adalah pemberian
ADS (OR=4.063; 95%CI:1.354-12.195, p=0.012), pemberian kortikosteroid (OR=3.653, 95%CI
1.568-8.513,p=0.003) dan kultur (OR=0.170; 95%CI: 0.054-0.547), miokarditis merupakan variabel
konfonding (OR=1.690; 95%CI: 0.565-5.052,p=0.348). Kesimpulan dan saran: Pemberian ADS
terbukti berpengaruh terhadap penurunan derajat keparahan difteri. Disarankan penyediaan ADS
yang merata dan cukup di seluruh fasyankes.
Kata Kunci : Derajat Keparahan, ADS
The Effect of Diphtheria AntiToxin (DAT) to Decrease Degrees of Diphtheria Severity at
Rumah Sakit Penyakit Infeksi Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso 2014-2017
Anita PD Nugroho1
, Cicilia Windiyaningsih2
, Zainal Abidin3
ABSTRACT
Background The incidence and the death rate of diphtheria in Indonesia continues to increase from
2014 to 2017, as well as at RSPI SS an increase in cases of diphtheria continues occured. DAT is
very important to reduce the severity of diphtheria. The aim of the study was to prove the effect of
DAT and other factors to decrease the severity of diphtheria patients at RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti
Saroso 2014-2017. Method: Observational analytics, case control design. Samples of cases were 86
people, controls 86 people, the dependent variable was a decrease in severity, independent variables
were DAT treatment, DAT dose, DAT time, antibiotics, corticosteroids, age, sex, residence,
immunization status, pseudomembran, bullneck, myocarditis, and culture. Results variables that
were significantly associated with a decrease in the severity of diphtheria patients were DAT
treatment (OR=4.063; 95%CI:1.354-12.195;p=0.012); corticosteroids (OR=3.653, 95%CI: 1.568-
8.513;p=0.003) and culture (OR=0.170; 95%CI: 0.054-0.547;p=0.170), myocarditis was a
confounding variable (OR=1,690,95%; CI: 0,565-5,052;p=0,348). Conclusions and suggestion
DAT treatment has been shown to affect the severity of diphtheria contibuted 7,6%. Four factors
that were significantly associated with a decrease in the severity of diphtheria were contributed
26,3%. Suggestion DAT and confirmation laboratory diagnossed must be available in primary
health care and hospital.
Keywords: severity of diphtheria, DAT

Anita PD Nugroho